Session 3-3-B: The interplay between law, development and spillover effects of casino gaming: Theory and the Asian evidences

Taking into consideration of the unique features and practice of casino gaming, the significance of law in the development of this industry, and the onging interactions between law, the industry’s succeeding performance and its spillover effects are generalized and illustrated in this paper. Based on the rationales of law and economics, and the institutional approach to economic analysis, a functional model is constructed to depict the related interplaying forces and the development of casino gaming. In principle, it is shown that business scope and scale of casino gaming is largely defined by law on one hand, and the revisions of related regulations are interactively influenced by the industry’s performance and its spillover effects on the other hand. By compiling some related evidences from the major Asian casino jurisdictions (Macao, Singapore, Malaysia, South Korea), it is revealed that the practice of casino gaming is indeed a combined dynamics of law and its spillover effects

Industry Labor Force Quality: An Investigation from the Customer Service Perspective

To investigate the labor force quality deficiency in the Macao casino industry, this study conducted a survey among Macao casino guests on their assessment of customer service. The mean scores of different service features were calculated and compared across casinos operated by different casino companies. Furthermore, different service features were examined for their importance to the overall customer satisfaction based on an estimated regression model. The study found that most of the service features were below satisfactory rating, but Wynn Resorts stood out as the top performer among the four gaming companies. The regression model identified respect , smile and skill as the most important contributors to overall customer satisfaction. The findings suggest that to become a top gaming destination, Macao must strengthen its labor force quality in both technical and interpersonal skills

Adaptive Closed-Loop Neuromorphic Controller for Use in Respiratory Pacing

Respiratory pacing can treat ventilatory insufficiency through electrical stimulation of the respiratory muscles, or the respective innervating nerves, to induce ventilation. It avoids some of the adverse effects associated with mechanical ventilation such as risk of diaphragm atrophy and lung damage. However, current respiratory pacing systems provide stimulation in an open-loop manner. This often requires users to undergo frequent tuning sessions with trained clinicians if the specified stimulation parameters are unable to induce sufficient ventilation in the presence of time-varying changes in muscle properties, chest biomechanics, and metabolic demand. Lack of adaptation to these changes may lead to complications arising from hyperventilation or hypoventilation. A novel adaptive closed-loop neuromorphic controller for respiratory pacing has been developed to address the need for closed-loop control respiratory pacing capable of responding to changes in metabolic production of CO2, diaphragm muscle health, and biomechanics. A 3-stage processes was utilized to develop the controller. First, an adaptive controller that could follow a preset within-breath volume profile was developed in silico and evaluated in vivo in anesthetized rats with an intact spinal cord or with diaphragm hemiparesis induced by spinal cord hemisection. Second, a neuromorphic computational model was developed to generate a desired trajectory that reflects changes in breath volume and respiratory rate in response to arterial CO2 levels. An enhanced controller capable of generating and matching this model-based desired trajectory was evaluated in silico and in vivo on rats with depressed ventilation and diaphragm hemiparesis. Finally, the enhanced adaptive controller was modified for human-related biomechanics and CO2 dynamics and evaluated in silico under changes of metabolic demand, presence of muscle fatigue, and after randomization of model parameters to reproduce expected between-subject differences. Results showed that the adaptive controller could adapt and modulate stimulation parameters and respiratory rate to follow a desired model-generated breath volume trajectory in response to dynamic arterial CO2 levels. In silico studies aimed at assessing potential for clinical translation showed that an enhanced controller modified for human use could successfully control ventilation to achieve and maintain normocapnic arterial CO2 levels. Overall, these results suggest that use of an adaptive closed-loop controller could lead to improved ventilatory outcomes and quality of life for users of adaptive respiratory pacing

Formal Rules, Informal Constraints, and Industrial Evolution-The Case of the Junket Operator Regulation and The Transition of Macao\u27s Casino Business

Following the approach of institutional economics to study the interaction between the changing formal rules and the evolving informal constraints, alongside the dynamics leading to industrial evolution, this paper will firstly examine the particular social and economic settings which bring about the informal constraints for the business practice of Macao\u27s casino junket operators, and the feedback from the system which in turn triggered the evolution of the informal constraints since the middle of the 1980s. Extending from our understanding of the custom and practice of this business in the old Macao . this paper will further discuss the role of the recently promulgated Junket Operator Regulation in the transition of Macao\u27s casino industry from a culturally defined to a more formally regulated business. In this context, impact from the change in the formal rules on the evolving informal constraints, and the dynamics giving rise to the changing structure and performance of the casino industry will also be explored

Session 4-1-B: A public choice perspective on the progression of casino gaming

Following the public choice literatures which explore the voting process to obtain an economic decision (Morton, 1991; Olson, 1965; Riker and Ordeshook, 1968; Stigler, 1974; etc.), a model is formulated in this paper to reveal the related forces which lead to the legalization/liberalization of casino gaming as a modern economic sector. It is shown that an individual’s decision to participate into a voting process or not is influenced by his/her anticipated benefit and cost. Then, the aggregate force of the beneficiary group and the anti-gaming group in standing for their own economic and emotional interests determines the voting result. Indeed, the arguments as presented in this model are verified by respective evidences as derived from Atlantic City in New Jersey and Taiwan, where sate-wide vote/referendum are adopted to decide the progression of casino gaming

Genetic Variation of Landraces of Common Bean Varying for Seed Coat Glossiness and Disease Resistance: Valuable Resources for Conservation and Breeding

In this chapter, we outline the significance of landraces of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) for unraveling novel morphological, biochemical and genetic variation that could be integrated to breeding programs, related to seed coat color and glossiness and disease resistance. Moreover, we emphasize how important the conservation of such genetic resources is in small-farming areas, the prevailing system for bean cultivation. A particular Brazilian landrace referred as Serro Azul by local farmers is highlighted to show new evidences of the genetic control of seed glossiness in common bean and how it implicates in the seed protection against diseases and insects. Moreover, new findings presented here give insights into a remarkable anthracnose resistance of one of the variants of Serro Azul, which also presents seed coat glossiness. The potential benefits for human health after consuming beans with glossy seed coat are also discussed. This is one among the various landraces that need better understanding for strengthening the knowledge of the genetic diversity of common bean. Such knowledge is important for conducting conservation actions and performing new crosses for providing genetic materials with desirable combinations for farmers, breeders and consumers

Presupuesto participativo, desempeño laboral y su incidencia en la gestión municipal de la Municipalidad de La Molina, 2020

En el presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo general: Determinar la incidencia del Presupuesto participativo y el desempeño laboral en la Gestión municipal de la Municipalidad de La Molina, 2020. Para la variable Presupuesto participativo se consideró la teoría de la ley de municipalidades, Ley 28056 (2003), para la variable desempeño laboral se consideró a Chiavenato (2004) y la variable Gestión municipal la Ley 28440 de elecciones municipales. La metodología utilizada se basó en el paradigma positivista, enfoque cuantitativo de tipo básica, nivel descriptivo explicativo causal diseño no experimental, correlacional. La población estuvo integrada por una muestra de 100 trabajadores de la municipalidad de La Molina. Se utilizó el muestreo no probabilístico intencionado; se usó la técnica de la encuesta mediante cuestionarios tipo likert, previamente validados de las variables de estudio Presupuesto participativo, Desempeño Laboral y Gestión Municipal por 6 jueces expertos; para la confiabilidad se usó el Alpha de Crombach. Los resultados fueron procesados en forma descriptiva e inferencial mediante tablas y figuras, indicando que presupuesto participativo y del desempeño laboral inciden en la gestión municipal; lo cual ha sido demostrado con la prueba de verosimilitud, que indico un valor de significancia de 0.000 menor a 0.05 y, mediante el índice de Nagelkerke que indica que el presupuesto participativo y del desempeño laboral tiene una incidencia del 22.9% sobre la gestión municipal de la Municipalidad de La Molina

Álgebra

El presente Apuntes de Estudio trata temas del programa del curso Fundamentos de Matemáticas que actualmente se imparte en la Universidad del Pacífico. Álgebra ha sido escrito a partir de las clases dictadas en esta universidad por los profesores Ricardo Siu Koochoy, con más de 30 años de experiencia docente, y Carlos Andaluz Zúñiga, con más de 10 años de experiencia docente

Cálculo integral

El presente estudio trata temas relacionados con el cálculo integral de funciones con una o dos variables. En la primera parte, se define la integración como operación inversa a la diferenciación, se detallan las fórmulas de integración inmediata y se explican diferentes métodos de integración. En la segunda parte, se cubren los temas de integrales impropias, aplicaciones de las integrales definidas y las integrales dobles. En la última parte, se presenta una colección de 520 problemas resueltos y propuestos de los diferentes capítulos